Needle gauge and tip designs for preventing post-dural puncture headache (PDPH)
Ingrid Arevalo-Rodriguez, Luis Muñoz, Natalia Godoy-Casasbuenas, Agustín Ciapponi, Jimmy J Arevalo, Sabine Boogaard, Marta Roqué i Figuls
There is moderate-quality evidence that atraumatic needles reduce the risk of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) without increasing adverse events such as paresthesia or backache.
Combined inhaled beta-agonist and anticholinergic agents for emergency management in adults with asthma.
Scott W Kirkland,Christine Vandenberghe, Britt Voaklander, Taylor Nikel, Sandra Campbell, Brian H Rowe
Combination inhaled therapy with Short Acting anti Beta2-Agonists and Short Acting Anti Cholinergics reduced hospitalisation and improved pulmonary function in adults presenting to the ED with acute asthma.
Adenosine versus intravenous calcium channel antagonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) in adults
Samer Alabed, Ammar Sabouni, Rui Providencia, Edmond Atallah, Mohammed Qintar, Timothy JA Chico
No differences have been found in effects of adenosine and calcium channel antagonists for treatment of SVT on reverting to sinus rhythm with a moderate-quality evidence.
Continuous chest compression versus interrupted chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Lei Zhan, Li J Yang, Yu Huang, Qing He, Guan J Liu
Bystander-administered chest compression-only CPR, supported by telephone instruction, increases the proportion of people who survive to hospital discharge compared with conventional interrupted chest compression CPR plus rescue breathing. When CPR was performed by EMS providers, continuous chest compressions plus asynchronous rescue breathing did not result in higher rates for survival to hospital discharge compared to interrupted chest compression plus rescue breathing.
Normobaric (NBOT) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for the treatment and prevention of migraine and cluster headache
Bennett MH, French C, Schnabel A, Wasiak J, Kranke P, Weibel S
There was some evidence that HBOT was effective for the termination of acute migraine in an unselected population, and some evidence that NBOT was similarly effective in cluster headache.
Aspirin for acute treatment of episodic tension-type headache in adults.
Sheena Derry, Philip J Wiffen, R Andrew Moore
A single dose of aspirin between 500 mg and 1000 mg provided some benefit in terms of less frequent use of rescue medication and more participants satisfied with treatment compared with placebo in adults, with limited quality of evidence.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) for chronic low back pain.
Enthoven WTM, Roelofs PDDM, Deyo RA, van Tulder MW, Koes BW
NSAIDs are effective for short-term symptomatic relief in patients with chronic low-back pain without sciatica. There does not seem to be a specific type of NSAID which is clearly more effective than others.
Oral zinc for treating diarrhea in children
Lazzerini M, Wanzira H
In areas where the prevalence of Zinc deficiency or the prevalence of malnutrition is high, Zinc may be of benefit in treating diarrhea in children aged six months or more. The current evidence does not support the use of Zinc supplementation in well-nourished or younger children to treat diarrhea, either than in settings where children are at low risk of Zinc deficiency.
Imaging for the exclusion of pulmonary embolism in pregnancy
Thijs E van Mens, Luuk JJ Scheres, Paulien G de Jong, Mariska MG Leeflang, Mathilde Nijkeuter, Saskia Middeldorp
Both computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and lung scintigraphy seem appropriate for exclusion of pulmonary embolism during pregnancy. It is unclear which test has the highest accuracy.
Non-invasive ventilation(NIV) for the management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure due to exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Osadnik CR, Tee VS, Carson-Chahhoud KV, Picot J, Wedzicha JA, Smith BJ
NIV is beneficial as a first-line intervention in conjunction with usual care for reducing the likelihood of mortality and endotracheal intubation in patients admitted with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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